منابع مشابه
Stress–softening and recovery of elastomers
A constitutive model is developed for the mechanical response of elastomers at finite strains. A polymer is treated as a network of linear chains linked by permanent (chemical crosslinks) and temporary (entanglements and van der Waals forces) junctions. Temporary junctions are assumed to be in two states: loose (passive) when they impose only topological constrains on available configurations o...
متن کاملConstitutive modeling of the Mullins effect and cyclic stress softening in filled elastomers.
The large strain behavior of filled rubbers is characterized by the strong Mullins effect, permanent set, and induced anisotropy. Strain controlled cyclic tests also exhibit a pronounced hysteresis as a strain rate independent phenomenon. Prediction of these inelastic features in elastomers is an important challenge with immense industrial and technological relevance. In the present paper, a mi...
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The removal of calcium and magnesium ions (softening) from clear juice can be beneficial to downstream processes. Such benefits include reduced evaporator scaling and the improved potential for the application ofion exclusion chromatography for additional sucrose recovery. The results of experiments in the laboratory and on a pilot plant scale are presented. These show that it is possible to so...
متن کاملThe Softening of Hardware
T he first programmable computers were rather nasty beasts. These giant 1940s machines occupied entire rooms and consumed kilowatts of electricity. The computation problems engineers faced more often involved failed machine hardware components than the short and mostly unchanging programs engineers fed to those machines. Engineers viewed computers and their programs as unified entities. Over th...
متن کاملReinforcement of Elastomers
1 Types of Fillers 1 2 Mixing and Dispersion 2 3 Rheology and Modulus of Filled Rubber 3 3.1 Hydrodynamic Effect 4 3.2 Rubber–Filler Interaction 4 3.3 Filler–Filler Interaction (Particle Network Formation) 5 4 Mechanical Hysteresis 5 4.1 Dynamic Properties 6 4.2 Strain Softening and the Mullins Effect 7 5 Failure Properties of Filled Rubber 7 6 Summary 9 Acknowledgment 9 References 9 Further Re...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, Japan
سال: 1970
ISSN: 0023-2734,2185-0860
DOI: 10.1246/nikkashi1898.73.7_1523